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Magnetic resonance imaging
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (NMRI), or magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) is a medical imaging technique used in radiology to image the anatomy and the physiological processes of the body in both health and disease. MRI scanners use magnetic fields and radio waves to form images of the body. The technique is widely used in hospitals for medical diagnosis, staging of disease and follow-up without exposure of the body to ionizing radiation.
==Medical uses==
MRI has a wide range of applications in medical diagnosis and over 25,000 scanners are estimated to be in use worldwide.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=European Magnetic Resonance Forum )〕 MRI has an impact on diagnosis and treatment in many specialties although the effect on improved health outcomes is uncertain. Since MRI does not use any ionizing radiation, its use is generally favored in preference to CT when either modality could yield the same information.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.rcr.ac.uk/content.aspx?PageID=995 )〕 (In certain cases MRI is not preferred as it can be more expensive, time-consuming, and claustrophobia-exacerbating).
MRI is in general a safe technique but the number of incidents causing patient harm has risen.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience )〕 Contraindications to MRI include most cochlear implants and cardiac pacemakers, shrapnel and metallic foreign bodies in the eyes. The safety of MRI during the first trimester of pregnancy is uncertain, but it may be preferable to other options. The sustained increase in demand for MRI within the healthcare industry has led to concerns about cost effectiveness and overdiagnosis.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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